In southwestern Montana, native lake trout populations are found in Twin Lake in the Big Hole River drainage and Elk Lake in the Red Rock River drainage, which are both tributaries to the upper Missouri River drainage (Figure 1). Mary lakes, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) analysis by Wilson and Hebert (1998) gives evidence of the native status of these populations. Although there are records of some stocking of lake trout into Cosley, Glenns and Lower St. All of these waters are in drainages that eventually reach Hudson Bay. Mary Lake on the Blackfeet Indian Reservation (Figure 1). Mary Lake in Glacier National Park and Lower St. In northwestern Montana, native lake trout populations occur in Waterton Lake, Glenns Lake, Cosley Lake, and St. Montana’s native lake trout populations are remnant examples of this important refugium (Wilson and Hebert 1998). As the Wisconsin ice sheet withdrew, fish from the Alberta/Montana refugium recolonized the newly exposed deep lakes (Wilson and Mandrak 2004). The lake trout’s native range includes portions of all of the Canadian provinces except Newfoundland and Prince Edward Island, and the states of Alaska, Maine, Illinois, Indiana, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, New Hampshire, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Vermont and Wisconsin (NatureServe 2004).ĭuring the Pleistocene glaciations, a lake trout refugium was formed in the lakes occurring along the ice sheet in what is now Montana. Lake trout are native to northern North America, with their historic range determined primarily by the extent and dynamics of the Pleistocene glaciations (Lindsey 1964 Wilson and Hebert 1998). confluentis) are the only members of the genus Salvelinus native to Montana (Holton and Johnson 1996). Lake trout display considerable genotypic and phenotypic variation throughout their range, with many local color and body morphological differences (Page et al. Lake trout can be distinguished from other chars by their deeply forked tail (Holton and Johnson 1996).
A narrow, sometimes indistinct, white anterior border is present on the pectoral, pelvic and anal fins (NSDAF 2004). Like other chars, lake trout have light spotting on a dark background that can range from light green to almost black. Lake trout are typically trout-like in shape. Salvelinus is the generic name for arctic chars namaycush is a North American Indian name for “dwellers of the deep” (NSDAF 2004). Re first described from a specimen from Hudson Bay (Walbaum 1792 cited by Scott and Crossman 1973).
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